Changes between Version 2 and Version 3 of TracModPython


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Timestamp:
Oct 9, 2014, 6:33:41 PM (10 years ago)
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trac
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  • TracModPython

    v2 v3  
    44Trac supports [http://www.modpython.org/ mod_python], which speeds up Trac's response times considerably, especially compared to [TracCgi CGI], and permits use of many Apache features not possible with [wiki:TracStandalone tracd]/mod_proxy.
    55
    6 These instructions are for Apache 2; if you are still using Apache 1.3, you may have some luck with [wiki:TracModPython2.7 TracModPython2.7].
    7 
    8 == Simple configuration ==
     6{{{#!div class="important"
     7** A Word of Warning **
     8
     9As of 16^th^ June 2010, the mod_python project is officially dead.  If you are considering using mod_python for a new installation, '''please don't'''!  There are known issues which will not be fixed and there are now better alternatives.  Check out the main TracInstall pages for your target version for more information.
     10}}}
     11
     12
     13These instructions are for Apache 2; if you are still using Apache 1.3, you may have some luck with [trac:wiki:TracModPython2.7 TracModPython2.7], but you'll be totally on your own.
     14
     15[[PageOutline(2-3,Overview,inline)]]
     16
     17== Simple configuration: single project == #Simpleconfiguration
    918
    1019If you just installed mod_python, you may have to add a line to load the module in the Apache configuration:
     
    1322}}}
    1423
    15  ''Note: The exact path to the module depends on how the HTTPD installation is laid out.''
     24''Note: The exact path to the module depends on how the HTTPD installation is laid out.''
     25
    1626On Debian using apt-get
    1727{{{
     
    2030(Still on Debian) after you have installed mod_python, you must enable the modules in apache2 (equivalent of the above Load Module directive):
    2131{{{
    22 a2enmod mod_python
     32a2enmod python
    2333}}}
    2434On Fedora use, using yum:
     
    3343   PythonInterpreter main_interpreter
    3444   PythonHandler mod_python.testhandler
     45   Order allow,deny
     46   Allow from all
    3547</Location>
    3648}}}
     
    4557   PythonOption TracEnv /var/trac/myproject
    4658   PythonOption TracUriRoot /projects/myproject
     59   Order allow,deny
     60   Allow from all
    4761</Location>
    4862}}}
     
    5468    # For a single project
    5569    PythonOption TracEnv /var/trac/myproject
     70
    5671    # For multiple projects
    5772    PythonOption TracEnvParentDir /var/trac/myprojects
     73
    5874    # For the index of multiple projects
    59     PythonOption TracEnvIndexTemplate /srv/www/htdocs/trac/project_list_tepmlate.html
     75    PythonOption TracEnvIndexTemplate /srv/www/htdocs/trac/project_list_template.html
     76
    6077    # A space delimitted list, with a "," between key and value pairs.
    6178    PythonOption TracTemplateVars key1,val1 key2,val2
     79
    6280    # Useful to get the date in the wanted order
    6381    PythonOption TracLocale en_GB.UTF8
     82
    6483    # See description above       
    6584    PythonOption TracUriRoot /projects/myproject
    66     # Override default python egg cache location
    67     PythonOption PYTHON_EGG_CACHE /var/trac/myprojects/egg-cache
    68 }}}
     85}}}
     86
     87=== Python Egg Cache ===
     88
     89Compressed python eggs like Genshi are normally extracted into a directory named `.python-eggs` in the users home directory. Since apache's home usually is not writable an alternate egg cache directory can be specified like this:
     90{{{
     91PythonOption PYTHON_EGG_CACHE /var/trac/myprojects/egg-cache
     92}}}
     93
     94or you can uncompress the Genshi egg to resolve problems extracting from it.
    6995
    7096=== Configuring Authentication ===
    7197
    72 Creating password files and configuring authentication works similar to the process for [wiki:TracCgi#AddingAuthentication CGI]:
    73 {{{
    74 #!xml
    75 <Location /projects/myproject/login>
    76   AuthType Basic
    77   AuthName "myproject"
    78   AuthUserFile /var/trac/myproject/.htpasswd
    79   Require valid-user
    80 </Location>
    81 }}}
    82 
    83 Configuration for mod_ldap authentication in Apache is a bit tricky (httpd 2.2.x and OpenLDAP: slapd 2.3.19)
    84 
    85 1. You need to load the following modules in Apache httpd.conf
    86 {{{
    87 LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so
    88 LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so
    89 }}}
    90 
    91 2. Your httpd.conf also needs to look something like:
    92 
    93 {{{
    94 #!xml
    95 <Location /trac/>
    96   SetHandler mod_python
    97   PythonInterpreter main_interpreter
    98   PythonHandler trac.web.modpython_frontend
    99   PythonOption TracEnv /home/trac/
    100   PythonOption TracUriRoot /trac/
    101   Order deny,allow
    102   Deny from all
    103   Allow from 192.168.11.0/24
    104   AuthType Basic
    105   AuthName "Trac"
    106   AuthBasicProvider "ldap"
    107   AuthLDAPURL "ldap://127.0.0.1/dc=example,dc=co,dc=ke?uid?sub?(objectClass=inetOrgPerson)"
    108   authzldapauthoritative Off
    109   require valid-user
    110 </Location>
    111 }}}
    112 
    113 Or the LDAP interface to a Microsoft Active Directory:
    114 
    115 {{{
    116 #!xml
    117 <Location /trac/>
    118   SetHandler mod_python
    119   PythonInterpreter main_interpreter
    120   PythonHandler trac.web.modpython_frontend
    121   PythonOption TracEnv /home/trac/
    122   PythonOption TracUriRoot /trac/
    123   Order deny,allow
    124   Deny from all
    125   Allow from 192.168.11.0/24
    126   AuthType Basic
    127   AuthName "Trac"
    128   AuthBasicProvider "ldap"
    129   AuthLDAPURL "ldap://adserver.company.com:3268/DC=company,DC=com?sAMAccountName?sub?(objectClass=user)"
    130   AuthLDAPBindDN       ldap-auth-user@company.com
    131   AuthLDAPBindPassword "the_password"
    132   authzldapauthoritative Off
    133   # require valid-user
    134   require ldap-group CN=Trac Users,CN=Users,DC=company,DC=com
    135 </Location>
    136 }}}
    137 
    138 Note 1: This is the case where the LDAP search will get around the multiple OUs, conecting to Global Catalog Server portion of AD (Notice the port is 3268, not the normal LDAP 389). The GCS is basically a "flattened" tree which allows searching for a user without knowing to which OU they belong.
    139 
    140 Note 2: Active Directory requires an authenticating user/password to access records (AuthLDAPBindDN and AuthLDAPBindPassword).
    141 
    142 Note 3: The directive "require ldap-group ..."  specifies an AD group whose members are allowed access.
    143 
     98See corresponding section in the [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] page.
     99
     100
     101== Advanced Configuration
     102
     103=== Setting the Python Egg Cache ===
     104
     105If the Egg Cache isn't writeable by your Web server, you'll either have to change the permissions, or point Python to a location where Apache can write. This can manifest itself as a ''500 internal server error'' and/or a complaint in the syslog.
     106
     107{{{
     108#!xml
     109<Location /projects/myproject>
     110  ...
     111  PythonOption PYTHON_EGG_CACHE /tmp
     112  ...
     113</Location>
     114}}}
    144115
    145116
     
    158129Be careful about using the !PythonPath directive, and ''not'' `SetEnv PYTHONPATH`, as the latter won't work.
    159130
    160 == Setting up multiple projects ==
     131=== Setting up multiple projects ===
    161132
    162133The Trac mod_python handler supports a configuration option similar to Subversion's `SvnParentPath`, called `TracEnvParentDir`:
     
    193164}}}
    194165
    195 == Virtual Host Configuration ==
     166=== Virtual Host Configuration ===
    196167
    197168Below is the sample configuration required to set up your trac as a virtual server (i.e. when you access it at the URLs like
     
    219190}}}
    220191
    221 if you have issues with login try using `<LocationMatch>` instead of `<Location>`
     192This does not seem to work in all cases. What you can do if it does not:
     193 * Try using `<LocationMatch>` instead of `<Location>`
     194 * <Location /> may, in your server setup, refer to the complete host instead of simple the root of the server. This means that everything (including the login directory referenced below) will be sent to python and authentication does not work (i.e. you get the infamous Authentication information missing error). If this applies to you, try using a sub-directory for trac instead of the root (i.e. /web/ and /web/login instead of / and /login).
     195 * Depending on apache's `NameVirtualHost` configuration, you may need to use `<VirtualHost *:80>` instead of `<VirtualHost *>`.
    222196
    223197For a virtual host that supports multiple projects replace "`TracEnv`" /var/trac/myproject with "`TracEnvParentDir`" /var/trac/
    224198
    225 Note: !DocumentRoot should not point to your Trac project env. As Asmodai wrote on #trac: "suppose there's a webserer bug that allows disclosure of !DocumentRoot they could then leech the entire Trac environment".
     199Note: !DocumentRoot should not point to your Trac project env. As Asmodai wrote on #trac: "suppose there's a webserver bug that allows disclosure of !DocumentRoot they could then leech the entire Trac environment".
    226200
    227201== Troubleshooting ==
     
    237211
    238212For multiple projects, try restarting the server as well.
     213
     214=== Login Not Working ===
     215If you've used `<Location />` directive, it will override any other directives, as well as `<Location /login>`.
     216The workaround is to use negation expression as follows (for multi project setups):
     217{{{
     218#!xml
     219#this one for other pages
     220<Location ~ "/*(?!login)">
     221   SetHandler mod_python
     222   PythonHandler trac.web.modpython_frontend
     223   PythonOption TracEnvParentDir /projects
     224   PythonOption TracUriRoot /
     225
     226</Location>
     227#this one for login page
     228<Location ~ "/[^/]+/login">
     229   SetHandler mod_python
     230   PythonHandler trac.web.modpython_frontend
     231   PythonOption TracEnvParentDir /projects
     232   PythonOption TracUriRoot /
     233
     234   #remove these if you don't want to force SSL
     235   RewriteEngine On
     236   RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
     237   RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}
     238
     239   AuthType Basic
     240   AuthName "Trac"
     241   AuthUserFile /projects/.htpasswd
     242   Require valid-user
     243</Location>
     244}}}
    239245
    240246=== Expat-related segmentation faults === #expat
     
    258264Using <Location /> together with `SetHandler` resulted in having everything handled by mod_python, which leads to not being able download any CSS or images/icons. I used <Location /trac> `SetHandler None` </Location> to circumvent the problem, though I do not know if this is the most elegant solution.
    259265
     266=== Problem with zipped egg ===
     267
     268It's possible that your version of mod_python will not import modules from zipped eggs. If you encounter an `ImportError: No module named trac` in your Apache logs but you think everything is where it should be, this might be your problem. Look in your site-packages directory; if the Trac module appears as a ''file'' rather than a ''directory'', then this might be your problem. To rectify, try installing Trac using the `--always-unzip` option, like this:
     269
     270{{{
     271easy_install --always-unzip Trac-0.12b1.zip
     272}}}
     273
    260274=== Using .htaccess ===
    261275
     
    264278It may be possible to work around this with mod_rewrite, but I failed to get this working. In all, it is more hassle than it is worth. Stick to the provided instructions. :)
    265279
    266 === Win32 Issues ===
     280A success story: For me it worked out-of-box, with following trivial config:
     281{{{#!xml
     282SetHandler mod_python
     283PythonInterpreter main_interpreter
     284PythonHandler trac.web.modpython_frontend
     285PythonOption TracEnv /system/path/to/this/directory
     286PythonOption TracUriRoot /path/on/apache
     287
     288AuthType Basic
     289AuthName "ProjectName"
     290AuthUserFile /path/to/.htpasswd
     291Require valid-user
     292}}}
     293
     294The `TracUriRoot` is obviously the path you need to enter to the browser to get to the trac (e.g. domain.tld/projects/trac)
     295
     296=== Additional .htaccess help ===
     297
     298If you are using the .htaccess method you may have additional problems if your trac directory is inheriting .htaccess directives from another.  This may also help to add to your .htaccess file:
     299
     300{{{
     301<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
     302  RewriteEngine Off
     303</IfModule>
     304}}}
     305
     306=== Platform specific issues
     307==== Win32 Issues ====
    267308If you run trac with mod_python < 3.2 on Windows, uploading attachments will '''not''' work. This problem is resolved in mod_python 3.1.4 or later, so please upgrade mod_python to fix this.
    268309
    269310
    270 === OS X issues ===
     311==== OS X issues ====
    271312
    272313When using mod_python on OS X you will not be able to restart Apache using `apachectl restart`. This is apparently fixed in mod_python 3.2, but there's also a patch available for earlier versions [http://www.dscpl.com.au/projects/vampire/patches.html here].
    273314
    274 === SELinux issues ===
     315==== SELinux issues ====
    275316
    276317If Trac reports something like: ''Cannot get shared lock on db.lock''
     
    281322}}}
    282323
    283 See also [[http://subversion.tigris.org/faq.html#reposperms]]
    284 
    285 === FreeBSD issues ===
     324See also [http://subversion.tigris.org/faq.html#reposperms]
     325
     326==== FreeBSD issues ====
    286327Pay attention to the version of the installed mod_python and sqlite packages. Ports have both the new and old ones, but earlier versions of pysqlite and mod_python won't integrate as the former requires threaded support in python, and the latter requires a threadless install.
    287328
    288329If you compiled and installed apache2, apache wouldn´t support threads (cause it doesn´t work very well on FreeBSD). You could force thread support when running ./configure for apache, using --enable-threads, but this isn´t recommendable.
    289 The best option [[http://modpython.org/pipermail/mod_python/2006-September/021983.html seems to be]] adding to /usr/local/apache2/bin/ennvars the line
     330The best option [http://modpython.org/pipermail/mod_python/2006-September/021983.html seems to be] adding to /usr/local/apache2/bin/ennvars the line
    290331
    291332{{{
     
    293334}}}
    294335
     336
     337==== Fedora 7 Issues ====
     338Make sure you install the 'python-sqlite2' package as it seems to be required for TracModPython but not for tracd
     339
     340
    295341=== Subversion issues ===
    296342
     
    299345If this is not the case, it's possible that you're using Subversion libraries that are binary incompatible with the apache ones (an incompatibility of the `apr` libraries is usually the cause). In that case, you also won't be able to use the svn modules for Apache (`mod_dav_svn`).
    300346
    301 You also need a recent version of `mod_python` in order to avoid a runtime error ({{{argument number 2: a 'apr_pool_t *' is expected}}}) due to the default usage of multiple sub-interpreters. 3.2.8 ''should'' work, though it's probably better to use the workaround described in #3371, in order to force the use of the main interpreter:
     347You also need a recent version of `mod_python` in order to avoid a runtime error ({{{argument number 2: a 'apr_pool_t *' is expected}}}) due to the default usage of multiple sub-interpreters. 3.2.8 ''should'' work, though it's probably better to use the workaround described in [trac:#3371 #3371], in order to force the use of the main interpreter:
    302348{{{
    303349PythonInterpreter main_interpreter
    304350}}}
    305 This is anyway the recommended workaround for other well-known issues seen when using the Python bindings for Subversion within mod_python (#2611, #3455). See in particular Graham Dumpleton's comment in [comment:ticket:3455:9 #3455] explaining the issue.
     351This is anyway the recommended workaround for other well-known issues seen when using the Python bindings for Subversion within mod_python ([trac:#2611 #2611], [trac:#3455 #3455]). See in particular Graham Dumpleton's comment in [trac:comment:9:ticket:3455 #3455] explaining the issue.
    306352
    307353=== Page layout issues ===
     
    317363
    318364Note: For the above configuration to have any effect it must be put after the configuration of your project root location, i.e. {{{<Location /myproject />}}}.
     365
     366Also, setting `PythonOptimize On` seems to mess up the page headers and footers, in addition to hiding the documentation for macros and plugins (see #Trac8956). Considering how little effect the option has, it is probably a good idea to leave it `Off`.
    319367
    320368=== HTTPS issues ===
     
    331379}}}
    332380
    333 === Fedora 7 Issues ===
    334 Make sure you install the 'python-sqlite2' package as it seems to be required for TracModPython but not for tracd
    335 
    336381
    337382=== Segmentation fault with php5-mhash or other php5 modules ===
    338 You may encounter segfaults (reported on debian etch) if php5-mhash module is installed. Try to remove it to see if this solves the problem. See debian bug report [[http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411487]]
    339 
    340 Some people also have troubles when using php5 compiled with its own 3rd party libraries instead of system libraries. Check here [[http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/modpython/#if-you-get-a-segmentation-fault]]
     383You may encounter segfaults (reported on debian etch) if php5-mhash module is installed. Try to remove it to see if this solves the problem. See debian bug report [http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411487]
     384
     385Some people also have troubles when using php5 compiled with its own 3rd party libraries instead of system libraries. Check here [http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/modpython/#if-you-get-a-segmentation-fault]
    341386
    342387----
    343 See also TracGuide, TracInstall, TracCgi, TracFastCgi
     388See also:  TracGuide, TracInstall, [wiki:TracModWSGI ModWSGI], [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI],  [trac:TracNginxRecipe TracNginxRecipe]